The main rule: clean from top to bottom. Start with the ceiling and light fixtures, move on to walls and upper cabinets, and finish with the floor, so dust that falls doesn't dirty surfaces that have already been cleaned.
It's worth vacuuming with a broom designed for fine dust before wet mopping, otherwise the dust turns into mud that's harder to remove. Windows, tracks, and air conditioners need special attention because construction dust tends to accumulate in them.
Usually more than one cleaning round is needed, especially when several days have passed between the end of the work and the cleaning.